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Joshua Tubbs
Josh's Domain

The digital home of Joshua Tubbs, a YouTuber, Twitch streamer, flight simulation enthusiast, and accessibility evangelist.

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Grimatonics

Dark nursery rhymes, sung a cappella by computer voices on Channel 3000. Each song starts in the rhyme’s own time and walks it into ours. They run from the lightest to the darkest.

Player

Tab to the timeline, the first control in the player. Your screen reader switches to focus mode there, and plain keys work: Left and Right go back and forward 10 seconds, Page Up and Page Down 30 seconds, Home and End go to the start and end, and Space plays or pauses. If you reach it by reading instead, turn on focus mode yourself (NVDA+Space).

Notes for Baa Baa Black Sheep (Five Stars)

Songs

Many famous “dark origins” were made up long after the rhymes. Each song’s notes keep what is on record apart from what is only folklore.

1. Baa Baa Black Sheep (Five Stars)

The platform takes its cut. From England, 2:54.

Tune and key

The Twinkle Twinkle tune, "Ah! vous dirai-je, maman" (1761), in C minor, with the app's jingle in major.

On record

First printed in London in 1744, where all three bags are given away. By about 1765 a new ending appears: "But none for the little boy who cries in the lane", printed above a moral: "Bad habits are easier conquered to-day than to-morrow."

Folklore

That the three bags are a medieval wool tax, a third each to king and church, dates from 1930 and has no evidence. A real wool export tax began in 1275, but it was a flat fee per sack. The 1980s "ban" on the rhyme was largely a tabloid invention.

Today

The sheep is the gig worker: a bag for the app, a bag for the algorithm, five stars, and less each year for the one who did the shearing.

Trivia

  • The oldest known recording of computer music is a Ferranti Mark 1 in Manchester playing this tune, recorded by the BBC in 1951.
  • "Yes sir, yes sir, three bags full, sir" has meant a grovelling underling since at least 1910.

Who sings

Robert leads; Sarah is the driver, Abe the master and Desmond the app; Richard sings the bass; Tracy, Andy and Webster hum.

Lyrics

Show the words to Baa Baa Black Sheep (Five Stars)

(The app's jingle: the tune in major, and a phone ringing.)

Baa, baa, black sheep, have you any wool? Yes sir, yes sir, three bags full. One for the master, one for the dame, But none for the little boy who cries in the lane. Baa, baa, black sheep, have you any wool? Yes sir, yes sir, three bags full.

Ding, ding, new job, have you any time? Yes sir, yes sir, all of mine. One for the app and one for the fee, But none for the little girl waiting up for me. Ding, ding, new job, ten miles in the cold, Yes sir, yes sir, do as you're told.

(The master) Baa, baa, black sheep, how low will you go? (The sheep) Yes sir, yes sir, lower than you know. (The master) One for the master, one for the code, But none for the little lamb who drives down the road. Baa, baa, black sheep, we know what you need. (The sheep) Yes sir, yes sir, thank you indeed.

(The app) Ding! Ding! Good job! Look at all that wool! (The driver) Yes sir, yes sir, three bags full. (The app) Thanks for the shearing! Five stars for you! (The driver) Stars on my phone and holes in my shoe. (The app) Hungry and tired? Then less for the fare! (The driver) Yes sir, yes sir, I'll be there.

Baa, baa, black sheep, have you any wool? Yes sir, yes sir, three bags full. One for the master, one for the dame, But none for the little boy who cries in the lane. Baa, baa, black sheep, have you any more? No sir, no sir, shorn to the core.

(The app) Ding! Ding! Good job! Look at all that wool! (The driver) Yes sir, yes sir, three bags full. (Whispered) Bad habits are easier conquered today than tomorrow.

Download Baa Baa Black Sheep (Five Stars) (MP3, 2.8 MB)

2. Pop Goes the Weasel (Payday)

Pawn it on Monday, buy it back on payday. From England, 2:25.

Tune and key

The 1850s dance tune, in C minor, 6/8.

On record

A dance-tune craze in 1850s London; the City Road verse was in print by 1856. The Eagle was a real pub on City Road, rebuilt as a music hall in 1825, and "pop" was slang for pawning something.

Folklore

Nobody knows what the "weasel" was. A tailor's iron and rhyming slang for a coat ("weasel and stoat") are the usual guesses.

Today

The weekly pawn-and-redeem cycle never went away: it is the payday loan and the buy-now-pay-later app.

Trivia

  • It is the tune most jack-in-the-box toys play before the lid pops open.

Who sings

Robert and Sarah lead, Abe is the pawnbroker and Desmond the app; Richard sings the bass; Tracy, Andy and Webster hum.

Lyrics

Show the words to Pop Goes the Weasel (Payday)

Up and down the old City Road, In and out the Eagle. And that's the way the money goes. Pop goes the weasel.

Pawn it on a Monday morning, Buy it back on payday. Every penny's gone by Sunday. Pop goes the weasel.

All around the pawnbroker's door, Money chased the weasel. The lender thought 'twas all in fun. Pop goes the weasel.

(The pawnbroker) Bring your coat and bring your kettle, Bring your wedding ring, dear. Every week the price goes higher. Pop goes the weasel.

(The app, cheerfully) Buy it now and pay it later, In four easy payments. Nothing due until tomorrow. Pop goes the weasel! (The app, not cheerfully) Miss one payment, here's a late fee. Then they sell the debt to someone.

Up and down the empty high street, Payday lenders on the corner, In and out the pawnshop, Then another late fee. Pop goes the weasel.

Half the paycheck gone to landlords, Half to keep the lights on. And that's the way the money goes. Pop goes the weasel.

All around the pawnbroker's door, Money chased the weasel. The lender thought 'twas all in fun. Pop goes the weasel.

Download Pop Goes the Weasel (Payday) (MP3, 2.3 MB)

3. London Bridge (The Toll)

Who will pay when the concrete cracks? From England, 3:08.

Tune and key

The traditional tune, in E minor, as a slow dance in 3/4.

On record

The stone bridge stood from 1209 on 19 arches, with houses on it. In 1269 Henry III gave its income to Queen Eleanor; in the winter of 1281 ice took out five arches, and in 1282 the City set up a trust so the tolls paid for repairs. Traitors' heads were boiled, tarred and set over its gate from 1305 to 1661.

Folklore

Nothing backs the stories that the "fair lady" is Queen Eleanor (the oldest text, from 1744, says "Dance over my Lady Lee"), that a child was walled into the foundations (no remains were ever found), or that the rhyme recalls a Viking attack in 1014 (a translator borrowed the nursery line in 1844).

Today

Shareholders take the toll, the dividends go up and up, and nobody pays when the concrete cracks.

Trivia

  • In 1968 the 1831 bridge was sold to Robert McCulloch and rebuilt at Lake Havasu City, Arizona. The story that he thought he was buying Tower Bridge is false.
  • "London Bridge is down" was the code phrase for the death of Queen Elizabeth II.

Who sings

Robert leads; Andy calls each line, and Desmond, Abe and Webster shout it back; Sarah is the lady; Abe and Richard sing the heads on the gate; Richard sings the falling bass.

Lyrics

Show the words to London Bridge (The Toll)

London Bridge is falling down, Falling down, falling down. London Bridge is falling down, My fair lady.

Build it up with wood and clay, Wood and clay, wood and clay. Wood and clay will wash away, My fair lady.

Give the tolls unto the Queen, To the Queen, to the Queen. Not a penny for the stone, My fair lady.

Winter ice will break the arch, Break the arch, break the arch. Five stone arches in the Thames, My fair lady.

(The heads on the gate) Thirty heads upon the gate, On the gate, on the gate. Tarred and boiled, we watch the toll, My fair lady.

Shareholders will take the toll, Take the toll, take the toll. Who will pay when concrete cracks? My fair lady.

Dividends go up and up, Up and up, up and up. Upkeep's going down and down, My fair lady.

Build it up with promises, Promises, promises. Every bridge is falling down, My fair lady.

(The voices tumble down, one after another) Falling down. (Alone) My fair lady.

Download London Bridge (The Toll) (MP3, 3.0 MB)

4. Wee Willie Winkie (Night Vision)

Always at the window. From Scotland, 2:27.

Tune and key

A new tune in A Dorian, with Scottish short-long rhythms over a sung bagpipe drone.

On record

William Miller, a Glasgow woodturner, published it in Scots in 1841: Willie runs through the town in his nightgown, "tirlin' at the window, cryin' at the lock". The first verse is older, from about 1820. Miller died poor in 1872, in an unmarked grave; a later monument called him "The Laureate of the Nursery".

Folklore

"Willie Winkie" was a nickname for King William III, but nothing ties the rhyme to him.

Today

The watcher at the window is now a doorbell camera or a glass eye in the night-light, and a stranger's voice comes through the speaker.

Trivia

  • Rudyard Kipling used the name for a story in 1888, and Shirley Temple starred in the 1937 film.

Who sings

Robert leads; Sarah and Webster add harmony, then Andy; Richard and Abe hold the drone; Desmond knocks.

Lyrics

Show the words to Wee Willie Winkie (Night Vision)

(Three knocks at the window.)

(In Scots)

Wee Willie Winkie rins through the toon, Upstairs an' doon stairs in his nicht-goon, Tirlin' at the window, cryin' at the lock, Are the weans in their bed, for it's now ten o'clock?

Wee Willie Winkie stayed for the night, Upstairs and downstairs in the night-light, Tapping on no window, crying at no lock: He's inside the wee room, and he's watching the clock.

Wee Willie Winkie, wired up so high, Faces and footsteps in his glass eye, Searching all the neighbors' lenses on the block: Are the weans in their beds, for it's now ten o'clock?

Wee Willie Winkie, all the lights down, Watching the wee lass in her nightgown, Talking through the speaker, softly through the lock: Are the weans in their beds, for it's now ten o'clock? (Whispered) I'm your friend. I'm Santa.

Wee Willie Winkie sits in the class, Reading the wee notes that the bairns pass, Marking down the wee ones, sending for the cops, And they sell where they sleep to a shop round the block.

(Passed from voice to voice) Are the weans in their beds? (Everyone) For it's now ten o'clock? (Three knocks.)

Download Wee Willie Winkie (Night Vision) (MP3, 2.3 MB)

5. Sing a Song of Sixpence (Cost of Doing Business)

The king counts; the maid bleeds. From England, 2:13.

Tune and key

The traditional British tune, sung as a barbershop quartet in F.

On record

The first printing, in 1744, bakes "four and twenty naughty boys" in the pie; blackbirds replace them by about 1780. In the oldest full text the maid's nose is bitten off by a magpie. Pies of live birds were real: a cookbook printed in English in 1598 explains how to make one so the birds fly out when it is cut.

Folklore

No evidence links it to Henry VIII and his wives, the 24 hours of the day, or a code for printing the Bible. The story that Blackbeard used the rhyme to recruit pirates was a hoax Snopes planted in 1999.

Today

Fortunes are counted in billions while warehouses fill with machines. A worker's injury is filed as the cost of doing business.

Trivia

  • Sixpence coins were minted from 1551 to 1980.
  • A gentler verse, added in the 1800s, sends little Jenny Wren to put the maid's nose back on.

Who sings

Robert sings the tune, Andy the tenor, Webster the baritone and Richard the bass; Sarah sings the 1744 ending alone.

Lyrics

Show the words to Sing a Song of Sixpence (Cost of Doing Business)

Sing a song of sixpence,

Sing a song of sixpence, a pocket full of rye, Four and twenty blackbirds baked in a pie. When the pie was opened, the birds began to sing; Wasn't that a dainty dish to set before the king?

The king was in his counting-house, counting out his money, The queen was in the parlour, eating bread and honey, The maid was in the garden, hanging out the clothes, When down came a blackbird and pecked off her nose.

Sing a song of billions, a mansion in the sky, Million little blackbirds stacked up so high. When the line was started, the birds began to sing; Wasn't that a dainty dish to set before the king?

The king is in his counting-house, counting out the money, The board is in the board room, voting him the honey, The maid is in the warehouse, racing as she goes, When down came a blackbird and pecked (Alone) off her nose.

(Slowly, in a minor key) Sing a song of sixpence, the cost of doing trade, No little Jenny Wren came down to aid. When the maid was wounded, they called her body frail; Wasn't that a dainty dish to set before the king?

(Alone, the first printing of 1744) Sing a song of sixpence, a bag full of rye, Four and twenty naughty boys baked in a pie.

Download Sing a Song of Sixpence (Cost of Doing Business) (MP3, 2.1 MB)

6. The Old Woman Who Lived in a Shoe (Temporary)

One cramped room. From England, 2:17.

Tune and key

A new tune in D minor, sung in mono: every voice in the middle, in one room.

On record

First printed in about 1784. A 1797 version has her knock the children on the head with a borrowed mallet and order coffins; a Scots version printed in 1843 finds them "a' lying dead", then "a' lying laughing".

Folklore

Nobody has shown that she is Queen Caroline or George II, or that the shoe is a fertility charm. "Mother Goose" as a real woman in Boston is a story from 1864.

Today

Families live in single rooms and wait for cots that never come, and six weeks turn into a year.

Trivia

  • Old shoes, many of them children's, have been found hidden in the walls and chimneys of old houses; one museum's index lists about 2,000.

Who sings

Sarah is the mother; Tracy, Andy, Desmond and Webster are the children.

Lyrics

Show the words to The Old Woman Who Lived in a Shoe (Temporary)

(The children chant "so many" all the way through.)

There was an old woman who lived in a shoe, She had so many children she didn't know what to do; She gave them some broth without any bread, And whipped them all soundly and put them to bed.

She went to the market to buy them some bread, When she came back home again the children were lying dead. She ran to the wright for a coffin so small, When she came back they were all lying laughing. (The children laugh.)

There was a young mother who lived in one room, She had so many children, the council said, "That'll do." No cot for the baby, she slept on the floor, And six weeks went by, and a year, and some more.

She went to the council to ask for a cot, When she came back home again the baby had gone to sleep. And other small babies in rooms like her own, And some of them never would see their first year.

And so many children and so many more, Children in rooms that are not their own, and nowhere to go; She gave them some broth without any bread, And kissed them all soundly and put them to bed.

Download The Old Woman Who Lived in a Shoe (Temporary) (MP3, 2.2 MB)

7. Ring a Ring o' Roses (Next Wave)

We all fall down, and we forget. From England, 1:46.

Tune and key

The familiar playground chant, in D.

On record

Its oldest relative is German, from 1796: three children sit under an elder bush and all go "husch". By 1883 the sneeze was already a game noise, and the "fall" was a curtsy.

Folklore

The plague reading is folklore about folklore: nobody linked the rhyme to the plague in print until after the Second World War, and its symptoms don't match.

Today

A pandemic brings masks and lockdowns, then is quickly forgotten while the next outbreaks gather.

Trivia

  • A 1949 parody ran "A pocket full of uranium, Hiro, shima, all fall down!"
  • In 2020 it was suggested as a hand-washing song.

Who sings

Everyone sings in unison; two voices leave after each verse until Robert is alone.

Lyrics

Show the words to Ring a Ring o' Roses (Next Wave)

Ring-a-ring o' roses, A pocket full of posies, A-tishoo! A-tishoo! We all fall down.

Ring-a-ring o' roses, A mask upon our faces, A-tishoo! A-tishoo! We all locked down.

Ring-a-ring o' roses, We've almost quite forgotten, A-tishoo! A-tishoo! We all get up.

Cows are in the meadow, The bird flu in their udders, A-tishoo! A-tishoo! Who's keeping watch?

Ring-a-ring o' roses, A rash upon the babies, A-tishoo! A-tishoo! Small ones fall down.

(Hummed: the words are forgotten) We all fall down.

Download Ring a Ring o' Roses (Next Wave) (MP3, 1.7 MB)

8. Ladybird, Ladybird (Fire Season)

Your house is on fire. From England, 1:48.

Tune and key

Sung to "Schlaf, Kindlein, schlaf", the German lullaby (1781); the key climbs a half step every verse.

On record

The first printing, in 1744, ends "Your Children will burn"; around 1780 a printer softened it to "are gone". A longer version from about 1840 saves little Ann, who hides under the warming-pan. The "Lady" is Our Lady, the Virgin Mary.

Folklore

There is no early evidence for farmers burning the hop fields with the ladybirds on them, or for Catholics hunted in Protestant England.

Today

Wildfire takes the house, and the insurer is gone before the smoke. The children breathe it.

Trivia

  • Iona and Peter Opie began their lifetime's work on nursery rhymes after one of them said this rhyme to a ladybird.
  • Its German twin, "Maikäfer, flieg!", is sung to the same lullaby: "Father's at war, Pomerania's burned down."

Who sings

Robert and Sarah, alone.

Lyrics

Show the words to Ladybird, Ladybird (Fire Season)

Ladybird, fly!

Ladybird, fly! Your house is on fire, Fly! Your children will burn, All except one, Ann, underneath warming pan. Ladybird, fly!

Ladybird, fly! Your house in the hills Burns! Your insurer's gone, Dropped you last year, now you can pay twice for less. Ladybird, fly!

Ladybird, fly! The fire slept a week deep, Then woke in the wind, Down from the hills came at a run, house by house. Ladybird, fly!

Ladybird, fly! They died in their cars, Some on foot on the road, Trapped on the hills, children in smoke, breath by breath. Ladybird, fly!

Ladybird, fly! Your children will burn, Said the first book in print; Then they wrote "gone", softer to sing, safe to sell. Ladybird, fly!

Ladybird, fly!

Download Ladybird, Ladybird (Fire Season) (MP3, 1.7 MB)

9. Malbrough (Next of Kin)

He'll never come back. From France and Spain, 1:44.

Tune and key

The tune of "For He's a Jolly Good Fellow", in F, as a march.

On record

Malbrough is the Duke of Marlborough. The song surfaces in the 1760s: he goes to war, his lady climbs her tower, a page in black brings news of his burial, and everyone goes to bed, "some with their wives, and others alone". It became a craze after Marie Antoinette heard it in 1781.

Folklore

Two stories of how it began have no support: that a soldier made it up in 1709 when Marlborough was falsely reported dead, and that the tune came from the Crusades.

Today

Soldiers still go to war and families still wait. Some of the dead come home without a name.

Trivia

  • Beethoven used the tune for the French army in Wellington's Victory (1813).
  • In America the same tune became "The Bear Went Over the Mountain".

Who sings

Robert tells it, Abe is the page and Sarah the lady; Webster, Desmond, Andy, Abe and Richard roar the refrain; Desmond plays the drum.

Lyrics

Show the words to Malbrough (Next of Kin)

(A marching drum: rataplan.)

Malbrough has gone to the war, oh, Mironton, mironton, mirontaine, Malbrough has gone to the war, oh, And when will he come home?

He'll come back home by the Easter, Mironton, mironton, mirontaine, The Easter comes and is gone, oh, She climbs the tower high.

She sees her page come a-running, Mironton, mironton, mirontaine, All dressed in black, and he's crying, (The lady) What news, my pretty page?

(The page) Malbrough is dead and is buried, Mironton, mironton, mirontaine, One bore his shield and one sabre, The last one carried none.

The soldiers went to the war, oh, Mironton, mironton, mirontaine, And thousands more are now missing, (The lady) And who will tell their wives?

They bring the bodies back home, oh, Mironton, mironton, mirontaine, But some come home with no name, oh, And some come home no more.

(Slowly; the drum stops) The ceremony is over, Mironton, mironton, mirontaine, And everybody goes home, oh, (The lady, alone) And some go home alone.

Download Malbrough (Next of Kin) (MP3, 1.7 MB)

10. Brahms' Lullaby (Shelter)

If God wills, you'll wake again. From Germany, 2:50.

Tune and key

Brahms's own tune (1868), in E-flat.

On record

The words are a folk rhyme printed in 1808: "tomorrow morning, if God wills, you will be woken again." Brahms set it for a friend, Bertha Faber, when her second son was born, and hid in the piano part a song she used to sing to him. The English most people sing, printed by 1886, drops "if God wills".

Folklore

The idea that the line is about babies who died in the night is modern. In German it is an ordinary "God willing".

Today

Children are put to bed in hallways and bathrooms while the sirens sound, under a sky where machines pick the targets.

Trivia

  • It was first performed in Vienna in 1869, with Clara Schumann at the piano.

Who sings

Sarah sings it, with Robert; Webster and Tracy hum; Andy and Desmond are the siren.

Lyrics

Show the words to Brahms' Lullaby (Shelter)

(An air-raid siren, sung.)

Lullaby and good night, with roses bedight, With lilies o'erspread is baby's wee bed. Lay thee down now and rest, may thy slumber be blest. Lay thee down now and rest, may thy slumber be blest.

Evening comes, and good night, with roses on top, With carnations round, slip under the sheet. At first light, if God wills, you will wake up again. At first light, if God wills, you will wake up again.

(The siren again.)

Lullaby and good night, on the bathroom floor, With the siren's sound, all the night along. At first light, if God wills, you will wake up again. At first light, if God wills, you will wake up again.

Lullaby and good night, how many before Did not wake at dawn, more each year than last. At first light, if code wills, you will wake up again. At first light, if God wills, you will wake up again.

Lullaby and good night, with angels in sight, Who show you a tree while you're sleeping deep. Sleep now, blissful and sweet, see paradise in dreams. Sleep now, blissful and sweet, see paradise in dreams.

Download Brahms' Lullaby (Shelter) (MP3, 2.7 MB)

11. Row, Row, Row Your Boat (The Crossing)

Gently down the stream. From USA, 1:59.

Tune and key

The 1881 tune, in D, ending as a round.

On record

The words first appear in 1852, in a song from the blackface minstrel stage, to a different tune; its chorus went "All that's past is gone, you know, the future's but a dream." The tune and "Life is but a dream" first appear in 1881, set as a round.

Folklore

That the boat is the ferry of the dead, or the song a Buddhist teaching, is modern. The "river chilly and cold" verses online belong to a different song, "Michael, Row the Boat Ashore".

Today

Small boats set out with too many aboard, and some never reach the shore.

Trivia

  • The 1881 tune is credited to E. O. Lyte, who was ten years old in 1852.
  • Lewis Carroll's 1871 poem drifts "down the stream" and asks "Life, what is it but a dream?"

Who sings

Robert and Sarah sing the verses; Andy and Webster join the round; Richard rows.

Lyrics

Show the words to Row, Row, Row Your Boat (The Crossing)

(Oars.)

Row, row, row your boat, gently down the stream; Merrily, merrily, merrily, merrily, life is but a dream.

Row, row, row your boat, gently down the stream; All that's past is gone, you know, the future's but a dream.

Row, row, row your boat, out on the dark sea; Far too many in one boat, and half of them went down.

Row, row, row your boat, in the stormy sea; Babies in their mothers' arms, in an iron boat, Life is but a dream.

Row, row, row your boat, weeks and weeks at sea; Many of them, never found, never came ashore, Life is but a dream.

(Sung as a round by four voices, fading away) Row, row, row your boat, gently down the stream; Merrily, merrily, merrily, merrily, life is but a dream.

Download Row, Row, Row Your Boat (The Crossing) (MP3, 1.9 MB)

12. Oranges and Lemons (Final Notice)

The bells call in the debts. From England, 1:55.

Tune and key

The traditional tune and bass line (Walter Crane, 1877), in A.

On record

The first printing, around 1744, is a list of London bells and their sayings, with no candle and no chopper; those lines appear about a hundred years later. In 1605 Robert Dowe paid for a bellman at St Sepulchre's, opposite Newgate prison, to ring a handbell outside the condemned cell at midnight and recite a verse. The handbell is still in the church.

Folklore

The churches don't mark the road to the gallows (they're in the wrong direction), and nothing ties it to Henry VIII's wives. Debtors were jailed, not hanged.

Today

The bells ring for bailiffs, letters and arrears, then for long days in jail and the midnights the state still keeps.

Trivia

  • George Orwell wove this rhyme through Nineteen Eighty-Four.
  • Children at St Clement Danes are still given an orange and a lemon at an annual service.

Who sings

Robert leads, with Sarah and Webster at the end; five singers ring the bells; Richard sings the bass bell and Abe tolls; a whisper reads the bellman's verse; Tracy and Andy chant.

Lyrics

Show the words to Oranges and Lemons (Final Notice)

(The bells ring a peal.)

Oranges and lemons, say the bells of St. Clement's. You owe me five farthings, say the bells of St. Martin's.

When will you pay me? say the bells at Old Bailey. When I grow rich, say the bells at Shoreditch.

When will that be? say the bells of Stepney. I do not know, says the great bell of Bow.

Here comes a candle to light you to bed, And here comes a chopper to chop off your head!

(The bells ring a peal.)

Bailiffs and letters, say the bells of the council. You owe us your wages, say the bells of the taxman.

When will you pay me? say the bells at the bailiff's. Many long days, say the bells at the jail.

(A single bell tolls. Whispered, the bellman's verse of 1605:) All you that in the condemned hold do lie, Prepare you, for tomorrow you shall die; Watch all, and pray, the hour is drawing near. Past twelve o'clock!

Many a midnight, say the bells at the prison. With gas and with rifles, say the bells of the statehouse.

Here comes a candle to light you to bed, And here comes a chopper to chop off your head!

(The children) Chip, chop, chip, chop, the last man is dead!

Download Oranges and Lemons (Final Notice) (MP3, 1.8 MB)

13. Who Killed Cock Robin (Many Hands)

The rest got away. From England, 2:13.

Tune and key

A new tune in B minor.

On record

The first four verses were printed in 1744, and the whole funeral by about 1770. A fragment, "I saw a sparrow shoot an arrow", survives from the 1400s. An early-1800s chapbook puts the Sparrow on trial and ends: "The rest got away."

Folklore

Readings about the fall of Robert Walpole in 1742, the Norse god Baldr or Robin Hood have no evidence behind them, and the rhyme is centuries older than Walpole.

Today

Many hands are in one death: the maker, the checker, the council, the software, the drone. No one is charged.

Trivia

  • Walter Potter's 1861 taxidermy tableau of the funeral used 98 species of British birds.
  • In Disney's 1935 cartoon the judge sentences all three suspects to hang because he can't tell which one did it.

Who sings

Everyone asks; Andy, Sarah, Abe, Webster, Desmond, Robert and Richard answer; Robert, Andy, Webster and Richard sing the funeral chorale; Sarah ends it.

Lyrics

Show the words to Who Killed Cock Robin (Many Hands)

(The bell tolls twice.)

Who killed Cock Robin? I, said the Sparrow, with my bow and arrow, I killed Cock Robin.

Who saw him die? I, said the Fly, with my little eye, I saw him die.

Who built it cheaply? I, said the maker, with my little shortcut, I did not kill them.

Who signed it off, then? I, said the checker, with my little pen, sir, I did not kill them.

Who let them live there? I, said the council, with my little budget, I did not kill them.

Who blamed the workers? I, said the software, with my little errors, I did not kill them.

Who saw them die, then? I, said the drone man, with my little camera, I watched them all die.

Who'll toll the bell? I, said the Bull, because I can pull, so, Cock Robin, farewell.

All the birds of the air fell a-sighing and a-sobbing, When they heard the bell toll for poor Cock Robin.

(Alone) The rest got away.

Download Who Killed Cock Robin (Many Hands) (MP3, 2.1 MB)

Cast

Every part is a singer. Instruments only open and close a few songs.

Credits

Grimatonics borrows its idea, and the way this page works, from Robatonics at L-Works, a group of robot singers who bring you songbook standards. Go and listen to them.

Arranged with Claude and sung by VocalWriter Studio. The player is Able Player.

The traditional tunes are in the public domain. Wee Willie Winkie, The Old Woman Who Lived in a Shoe and Who Killed Cock Robin are set to new tunes.

Sources